言兵事疏

　　　　chén臣wén闻hàn汉xīng兴yǐ以lái来　，hú胡lǔ虏shuò数rù入biān边dì地　，xiǎo小rù入zé则xiǎo小lì利　，dà大rù入zé则dà大lì利　；gāo高hòu后shí时zài再rù入lǒng陇xī西　，gōng攻chéng城tú屠yì邑　，qū驱lüè略xù畜chǎn产　；qí其hòu后fù复rù入lǒng陇xī西　，shā杀lì吏zú卒　，dà大kòu寇dào盗　。qiè窃wén闻zhàn战shèng胜zhī之wēi威　，mín民qì气bǎi百bèi倍　；bài败bīng兵zhī之zú卒　，mò没shì世bú不fù复　。zì自gāo高hòu后yǐ以lái来　，lǒng陇xī西sān三kùn困yú于xiōng匈nú奴yǐ矣　，mín民qì气pò破shāng伤　，wú无yǒu有shèng胜yì意　。jīn今zī兹lǒng陇xī西zhī之lì吏　，lài赖shè社jì稷zhī之shén神líng灵　，fèng奉bì陛xià下zhī之míng明zhào诏　，hé和jí辑shì士zú卒　，dǐ砥lì砺qí其jié节　，qǐ起pò破shāng伤zhī之mín民yǐ以dāng当chéng乘shèng胜zhī之xiōng匈nú奴　，yòng用shǎo少jī击zhòng众　，shā杀yì一wáng王　、bài败qí其zhòng众ér而dà大yǒu有lì利　。fēi非lǒng陇xī西zhī之mín民yǒu有yǒng勇qiè怯　，nǎi乃jiàng将lì吏zhī之zhì制qiǎo巧zhuō拙yì异yě也　。gù故bīng兵fǎ法yuē曰　：　“yǒu有bì必shèng胜zhī之jiàng将　，wú无bì必shèng胜zhī之mín民　。　”yóu由cǐ此guān观zhī之　，ān安biān边jìng境　，lì立gōng功míng名　，zài在yú于liáng良jiàng将　，bù不kě可bù不zé择yě也　。

　　　　chén臣yòu又wén闻yòng用bīng兵　，lín临zhàn战hé合rèn刃zhī之jí急zhě者sān三　：yī一yuē曰dé得dì地xíng形　，èr二rì日zú卒fú服xí习　，sān三yuē曰qì器yòng用lì利　。bīng兵fǎ法yuē曰　：

　　　　zhàng丈wǔ五zhī之gōu沟　，jiān渐chē车zhī之shuǐ水　，shān山lín林jī积shí石　，jīng经chuān川qiū丘fù阜　，cǎo草mù木suǒ所zài在　，cǐ此bù步bīng兵zhī之dì地yě也　，chē车qí骑èr二bù不dāng当yī一　。tǔ土shān山qiū丘líng陵　，màn曼yǎn衍xiāng相zhǔ属　，píng平yuán原guǎng广yě野　，cǐ此chē车qí骑zhī之dì地　，bù步bīng兵shí十bù不dāng当yī一　。píng平líng陵xiāng相yuǎn远　，chuān川gǔ谷jū居jiān间　，yǎng仰gāo高lín临xià下　，cǐ此gōng弓nǔ弩zhī之dì地yě也　，duǎn短bīng兵bǎi百bù不dāng当yì一　。liǎng两zhèn阵xiāng相jìn近　，píng平dì地qiǎn浅cǎo草　，kě可qián前kě可hòu后　，cǐ此cháng长jǐ戟zhī之dì地yě也　，jiàn剑dùn盾sān三bù不dāng当yī一　。huán萑wěi苇zhú竹xiāo萧　，cǎo草mù木méng蒙lóng茏　，zhī支yè叶mào茂jiē接　，cǐ此máo矛tǐng铤zhī之dì地yě也　，cháng长jǐ戟èr二bù不dāng当yī一　。qū曲dào道xiāng相fú伏　，xiǎn险ài隘xiāng相bó薄　，cǐ此jiàn剑dùn盾zhī之dì地yě也　，gōng弓nǔ弩sān三bù不dāng当yī一　。shì士bù不xuǎn选liàn练　，zú卒bù不fú服xí习　，qǐ起jū居bù不jīng精　，dòng动jìng静bù不jí集　，qū趋lì利fú弗jí及　，bì避nàn难bù不bì毕　，qián前jī击hòu后xiè懈　，yǔ与jīn金gǔ鼓zhī之zhǐ指xiāng相shī失　，cǐ此bù不xí习lè勒zú卒zhī之guò过yě也　，bǎi百bù不dāng当shí十　。bīng兵bù不wán完lì利　，yǔ与kōng空shǒu手tóng同　；jiǎ甲bù不jiān坚mì密　，yǔ与tǎn袒xī裼tóng同　；nǔ弩bù不kě可yǐ以jí及yuǎn远　，yǔ与duǎn短bīng兵tóng同　；shè射bù不néng能zhòng中　，yǔ与wú无shǐ矢tóng同　；zhòng中bù不néng能rù入　，yǔ与wú无zú镞tóng同　；cǐ此jiàng将bù不xǐng省bīng兵zhī之huò祸yě也　，wǔ五bù不dāng当yī一　。gù故bīng兵fǎ法yuē曰　：qì器xiè械bú不lì利　，yǐ以qí其zú卒yǔ予dí敌yě也　；zú卒bù不kě可yòng用　，yǐ以qí其jiàng将yǔ予dí敌yě也　；jiàng将bù不zhī知bīng兵　，yǐ以qí其zhǔ主yǔ予dí敌yě也　；jūn君bù不zé择jiàng将　，yǐ以qí其guó国yǔ予dí敌yě也　。sì四zhě者　，bīng兵zhī之zhì至yào要yě也　。

　　　　chén臣yòu又wén闻xiǎo小dà大yì异xíng形　，qiáng强ruò弱yì异shì势　，xiǎn险yì易yì异bèi备　。fú夫bēi卑shēn身yǐ以shì事qiáng强　，xiǎo小guó国zhī之xíng形yě也　；hé合xiǎo小yǐ以gōng攻dà大　，dí敌guó国zhī之xíng形yě也　；yǐ以mán蛮yí夷gōng攻mán蛮yí夷　，zhòng中guó国zhī之xíng形yě也　。jīn今xiōng匈nú奴dì地xíng形jì技yì艺yǔ与zhòng中guó国yì异　。shàng上xià下shān山bǎn阪　，chū出rù入xī溪jiàn涧　，zhòng中guó国zhī之mǎ马fú弗yǔ与yě也　；xiǎn险dào道qīng倾zè仄　，qiě且chí驰qiě且shè射　，zhòng中guó国zhī之qí骑fú弗yǔ与yě也　；fēng风yǔ雨pí疲láo劳　，jī饥kě渴bú不kùn困　，zhòng中guó国zhī之rén人fú弗yǔ与yě也　，cǐ此xiōng匈nú奴zhī之cháng长jì技yě也　。ruò若fú夫píng平yuán原yì易dì地　，qīng轻chē车tū突qí骑　，zé则xiōng匈nú奴zhī之zhòng众yì易náo挠luàn乱yě也　；jìn劲nǔ弩cháng长jǐ戟shè射shū疏jí及yuǎn远　，zé则xiōng匈nú奴zhī之gōng弓fú弗néng能gé格yě也　；jiān坚jiǎ甲lì利rèn刃　，cháng长duǎn短xiāng相zá杂　，yóu游nǔ弩wǎng往lái来　，shí什wǔ伍jù俱qián前　，zé则xiōng匈nú奴zhī之bīng兵fú弗néng能dāng当yě也　；cái材guān官zōu驺fā发　，shǐ矢dào道tóng同dì的　，zé则xiōng匈nú奴zhī之gé革sì笥mù木jiàn荐fú弗néng能zhī支yě也　；xià下mǎ马dì地dòu斗　，jiàn剑jǐ戟xiāng相jiē接　，qù去jiù就xiāng相bó薄　，zé则xiōng匈nú奴zhī之zú足fú弗néng能jǐ给yě也　，cǐ此zhòng中guó国zhī之cháng长jì技yě也　。yǐ以cǐ此guān观zhī之　，xiōng匈nú奴zhī之cháng长jì技sān三　，zhòng中guó国zhī之cháng长jì技wǔ五　。bì陛xià下yòu又xīng兴shuò数shí十wàn万zhī之zhòng众　，yǐ以zhū诛shuò数wàn万zhī之xiōng匈nú奴　，zhòng众guǎ寡zhī之jì计　，yǐ以shí十jī击yì一zhī之shù术yě也　。suī虽rán然　，bīng兵　，xiōng凶qì器　；zhàn战　，wēi危shì事yě也　。yǐ以dà大wéi为xiǎo小　，yǐ以qiáng强wéi为ruò弱　，zài在fǔ俯zhī之jiān间ěr耳　。fú夫yǐ以rén人zhī之sǐ死zhēng争shèng胜　，diē跌ér而bú不zhèn振　，zé则huǐ悔zhī之wú无jí及yě也　。dì帝wáng王zhī之dào道　，chū出yú于wàn万quán全　。jīn今xiáng降hú胡yì义qú渠mán蛮yí夷zhī之zhǔ属lái来guī归yì谊zhě者　，qí其zhòng众shuò数qiān千　，yǐn饮shí食cháng长jì技yǔ与xiōng匈nú奴tóng同　，kě可cì赐zhī之jiān坚jiǎ甲xù絮yī衣　，jìn劲gōng弓lì利shǐ矢　，yì益yǐ以biān边jùn郡zhī之liáng良qí骑　。lìng令míng明jiàng将néng能zhī知qí其xí习sú俗hé和jí辑qí其xīn心zhě者　。yǐ以bì陛xià下zhī之míng明yuē约jiàng将zhī之　。jí即yǒu有xiǎn险zǔ阻　，yǐ以cǐ此dāng当zhī之　；píng平dì地tōng通dào道　，zé则yǐ以qīng轻chē车cái材guān官zhì制zhī之　。liǎng两jūn军xiāng相wéi为biǎo表lǐ里　，gè各yòng用qí其cháng长jì技　，héng横jiā加zhī之yǐ以zhòng众　，cǐ此wàn万quán全zhī之shù术yě也　。

　　　　chuán传yuē曰　：　“kuáng狂fú夫zhī之yán言　，ér而míng明zhǔ主zé择yān焉　。　”chén臣cuò错yú愚lòu陋　，mèi昧sǐ死shàng上kuáng狂yán言　，wéi唯bì陛xià下cái财zé择　。